Category Uncategorized

International Waters

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The world’s oceans cover more than 70% of the Earth’s surface, yet a significant portion of that vast expanse belongs to no single nation. These are international waters—zones beyond national jurisdiction where ships sail freely, disputes arise, and international law…

Exclusive Economic Zones

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An Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is a sea zone extending 200 nautical miles from a coastal nation’s baseline, within which that state holds sovereign rights over natural resources and certain economic activities. EEZs were formally codified under UNCLOS in 1982…

Deep Ocean

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The deep ocean covers more than 60% of Earth’s surface and reaches depths exceeding 36,000 feet, yet humans have explored less than 20% of it. This vast, lightless environment hosts extraordinary biodiversity, regulates global climate, and holds scientific secrets that…